Which of the following actions can lead to a breach of patient confidentiality?

Using names during communication, especially in a context where they can be overheard or accessed by unauthorized individuals, is a clear violation of patient confidentiality. In the healthcare setting, maintaining confidentiality is paramount to ensuring trust and compliance with privacy regulations like HIPAA.

When private information is discussed openly, it can lead to unauthorized sharing of sensitive details, which breaches the legal and ethical obligation to protect patient privacy. Health professionals are trained to use discretion and minimal necessary disclosure when communicating about patients, particularly in public or shared settings.

The other actions listed, such as using initials in reports, summarizing patient information in a way that preserves anonymity, and documenting treatment plans without revealing identifying information, typically adhere to confidentiality guidelines, making them appropriate in a clinical context. Using initials and summarizing information helps protect identity, while proper documentation is essential for patient care and legal considerations.